" The theory postulates five general classes of "filters" that determine the type of news that finally gets published in news media. These five are: Ownership of the medium Medium's funding sources Sourcing Flak Anti-communist ideology The first three (ownership, funding, and sourcing) are generally regarded as being the most important . Although the model was based mainly on the characterization of United States media, Chomsky and Herman believe the theory is equally applicable to any country that shares the basic economic structure and organizing principles which the model postulates as the cause of media biases. The filters Ownership Herman and Chomsky argue that since all mainstream media outlets are embodied in large corporations, which are themselves often part of much larger conglomerates (e. g. Westinghouse or General Electric). Such conglomerates frequently extend beyond traditional media fields, and thus have extensive financial interests that may be endangered when certain information is widely publicized. Beautiful Cleavage Model Showing Thus, according to this reasoning, news items that most endanger the corporate financial interests that own the media will face the most bias and censorship. The authors claim that the importance of ownership filter is the fact that corporations are subject to shareholder control in the context of a profit-oriented market economy. "

" Another effort to address the first defect has been to develop Preon models which attempt to set forth a substructure of more fundamental particles than those set forth in the Standard Model. In addition, there are cosmological reasons why the standard model is believed to be incomplete. Within it, matter and antimatter are symmetric. While the preponderance of matter in the universe can be explained by saying that the universe just started out this way, this explanation strikes most physicists as inelegant. Furthermore, the Standard Model provides no mechanism to generate the cosmic inflation that is believed to have occurred at the beginning of the universe, a consequence of its omission of gravity. The Higgs boson, which is predicted by the Standard Model, has not been observed as of 2005 (though some phenomena were observed in the last days of the LEP collider that could be related to the Higgs; one of the reasons to build the LHC is that the increase in energy is expected to make the Higgs observable). The first experimental deviation from the Standard Model came in 1998, when Super-Kamiokande published results indicating neutrino oscillation. Beautiful Twin Model This implied the existence of non-zero neutrino masses since massless particles travel at the speed of light and so do not experience the passage of time. The Standard Model did not accommodate massive neutrinos, because it assumed the existence of only "left-handed" neutrinos, which have spin aligned counter-clockwise to their axis of motion. "