" The Java Swing GUI library. More recently there have been attempts to apply MVC architectures for web-based interfaces . In the design of web applications, MVC is also known as a "Model 2" architecture in Sun parlance. Complex web applications continue to be more difficult to design than traditional applications, and MVC is being pushed as a potential solution to these difficulties. Beware: many applications which claim to comply with this much misunderstood pattern in fact do not achieve the required separation of model and view. JavaServer Faces , Jakarta Struts and Webwork2 are currently the most popular web oriented MVC implementations. Struts works at a page level; JSF works at a component level . Model Boat And Ship The WebObjects development/deployment environment is strongly based on MVC. Fusebox Mach-II Maypole Catalyst Tapestry ZNF Apache Cocoon Ruby on Rails General information Description in the Portland Pattern Repository Core J2EE Patterns - Front Controller Dicussion of JavaServer Pages Model 2 architecture MVC-Frameworks written in PHP () Holub, Allen: “Building user interfaces for object-oriented systems�, Java World, 1999. "

" Models are usually man-constituted. That justifies talking about their purpose prior to talking about their consistency. Models are used as substitutes for originals because properties of the latter are of interest and the originals are not going to be investigated themselves. There may be a number of reasons for that such as taboos preventing from studying the original itself, or inability, the involved cost in terms of resources or moral damage being intolerable, or similar. For an investigator I it makes only sense to consider an entity M as a substitute of an entity O, if I can (1) establish an analogy, similarity, or similar relation between M and O that permits the substitution of O by M with respect to purpose and means, time-horizon etc. , and (2) I can actually investigate M in the required way. That implies firstly that M does not have the properties of O that prevent I from investigating O. Civil War Model Ship Also other properties of O may not be properties of M. In that sense a model is more abstract than its original. "