" Herman and Noam Chomsky that seeks to explain the supposed systemic political biases of the mass media in terms of structural economic causes. Overview First presented in their 1988 book Manufacturing Consent: the Political Economy of the Mass Media, the propaganda model views the private media as businesses selling a product — readers and audiences (rather than news) — to other businesses (advertisers) . The theory postulates five general classes of "filters" that determine the type of news that finally gets published in news media. These five are: Ownership of the medium Medium's funding sources Sourcing Flak Anti-communist ideology The first three (ownership, funding, and sourcing) are generally regarded as being the most important. Although the model was based mainly on the characterization of United States media, Chomsky and Herman believe the theory is equally applicable to any country that shares the basic economic structure and organizing principles which the model postulates as the cause of media biases. The filters Ownership Herman and Chomsky argue that since all mainstream media outlets are embodied in large corporations, which are themselves often part of much larger conglomerates (e. g. Cute Little Loli Model Westinghouse or General Electric). Such conglomerates frequently extend beyond traditional media fields, and thus have extensive financial interests that may be endangered when certain information is widely publicized. "

" New York: the New Press, 2002. Herman, Edward S. and Chomsky, Noam. Manufacturing Consent: the Political Economy of the Mass Media. New York: Pantheon Books, 1988. Herman, Edward S. 'The Propaganda Model: A Retrospective,' Against All Reason, December 9, 2003. Home Model Park Klaehn, Jeffery (ed. ) Filtering the News: Essays on Herman and Chomsky's Propaganda Model. "