" The model is another name for the domain layer. Domain logic adds meaning to raw data e . g. calculating if today is the user's birthday or the totals, taxes and shipping charges for shopping cart items. View: This renders the model into a form suitable for interaction, typically a user interface element. MVC is often seen in web apps: the view is the html page and the code which gathers dynamic data for the page. Controller: This responds to events, typically user actions, and invokes changes on the model (but *not* the view). Model Physics Rocket Many applications use a persistent storage mechanism (such as a database) to store data. MVC does not specifically mention this data access layer. "

" This and other experiments have falsified numerous GUTs, including SU(5). Another effort to address the first defect has been to develop Preon models which attempt to set forth a substructure of more fundamental particles than those set forth in the Standard Model. In addition, there are cosmological reasons why the standard model is believed to be incomplete. Within it, matter and antimatter are symmetric. While the preponderance of matter in the universe can be explained by saying that the universe just started out this way, this explanation strikes most physicists as inelegant. Furthermore, the Standard Model provides no mechanism to generate the cosmic inflation that is believed to have occurred at the beginning of the universe, a consequence of its omission of gravity. The Higgs boson, which is predicted by the Standard Model, has not been observed as of 2005 (though some phenomena were observed in the last days of the LEP collider that could be related to the Higgs; one of the reasons to build the LHC is that the increase in energy is expected to make the Higgs observable). Model Rocket Water The first experimental deviation from the Standard Model came in 1998, when Super-Kamiokande published results indicating neutrino oscillation. This implied the existence of non-zero neutrino masses since massless particles travel at the speed of light and so do not experience the passage of time. "